DNS is a system that translates human-readable domain names (like info.pivitglobal.com) into IP addresses used by computers to locate resources on the internet. It was developed to simplify internet navigation.
DNS works by directing domain queries through a hierarchical system of servers until it reaches the authoritative server for the requested domain, which provides the corresponding public IP address.
DNS benefits include user-friendly URLs, efficient resource location, fault tolerance, and scalability, making it an essential infrastructure for internet communication and web browsing.
To better understand the DNS process, let's explore how DNS works using the example of the “info.pivitglobal.com” domain:
- DNS Query: The host sends a DNS query to a DNS resolver (usually provided by the Internet Service Provider) about the “info.pivitglobal.com” domain. If cached, the resolver provides the public IP address directly, otherwise, it forwards the query.
- Recursive Query: The resolver sends a recursive query to a DNS root server, asking for the authoritative DNS server responsible for the ".com" top-level domain.
- Iterative Queries: The root server directs the resolver to the authoritative DNS server for "pivitglobal.com." The resolver continues this iterative process until it reaches the authoritative DNS server for "info.pivitglobal.com."
- Response: The authoritative DNS server responds with the public IP address associated with "info.pivitglobal.com," which is then returned to the host.
DNS information is stored in a local cache to reduce query time. Caching enhances DNS performance by storing recently accessed DNS records, allowing quick retrieval without repeating the time-consuming resolution process for frequently visited websites.